This project develops an innovative, damage-free laser cleaning approach for Australian Indigenous rock art and historic stone monuments and buildings, targeting the safe removal of mineral crusts, biological contaminants, dust, and graffiti. Unlike previous methods, which prioritize contaminant removal efficiency, this approach first identifies a laser regime that preserves the integrity of stone and pigment surfaces and then determines effective cleaning parameters within this safe regime.

Previous research shows that ultrashort pulse lasers, operating via cold ablation, are particularly effective for safe, non-damaging contaminant removal. This project extends that work by investigating the effects of different wavelengths, exploiting distinct cleaning mechanisms, specifically the thermal effects of short-pulse lasers versus the cold, electrostatic effects of ultrashort pulse lasers. In controlled laboratory conditions, ultrashort pulse lasers provide enhanced precision and safety, and the project optimizes their use for heritage conservation.

We are working with Traditional Owners in Kakadu to evaluate developing new femtosecond lasers and cleaning methods for safe cleaning and preservation of rock art. We will explore how robotic controlled cleaning using lasers can be integrated with a human-in-the-loop laser guidance system as cultural decision-making must guide the cleaning process, in addition to determining ideal laser parameters. This project involves interdisciplinary team members with cultural, heritage and scientific expertise.

 By combining advanced laser technology, field-applicable methods, and culturally informed practices, this project restores heritage stone surfaces to a stable, visually rewarding, and culturally meaningful condition, ensuring their preservation for future generations.

This project is a collaboration between the Research School of Physics, University of Canberra, and the Traditional Owners of Kakadu National Park, and requires knowledge or hands-on experience in optics, laser and in material science.

This project involves interdisciplinary team members with cultural, heritage and scientific expertise.

Masters in optics, lasers and material science is highly desired before continuing to a PhD study.

Interest in the basics of laser-matter interactions, solid state and plasma physics, electromagnetic waves and lasers, methods of experimental studies of solid state matter.  

Laser Safety course will be provided.