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Example 3. Parallel solitons

Self guided beams of a homogeneous medium are known to attract or repel when they are like polarized. But, the elementary physics of parallel linear waveguides plus self consistency suggests that they remain parallel if the even and odd modes of their induced two linear waveguide system are orthogonally polarized [33]. Thus, the composite field comprising the soliton pair has the form of (2) with subscripts `a' and `b' denoting respectively the even (+) and odd modes. The usual perturbation theory [30] for finding modes of parallel linear waveguides can then be used to describe the polarization dynamics of parallel well separated solitons. For a nonlinear material which exhibits induced isotropy , this shows that the two distant orthogonally polarized solitons can be arbitrarily polarized, whereas they must be linearly polarized in the general () Kerr medium.

For arbitrary soliton separation, (6) must be solved with , respectively, the fundamental (+) even mode and the first odd mode. This pair of coupled equations has a simple analytical solution in one dimension for an isotropic Kerr medium [33]. For a birefringent Kerr material, the even and odd modes must be circularly polarized with , now , as discussed in the above example. Numerical studies of this equation, in a different physical context, proves existence [31]. For any given soliton power, there is a soliton separation for which . The dynamic soliton is then a vector (stationary) soliton in this medium whose birefringence is induced (see Section 3.1).



James Ashton
Tue Feb 13 16:17:04 EST 1996